Original Study
10 April 2026
The Warith Scientific Journal of Engineering and Technology (WSJET) is an open-access, double-blind peer-reviewed publication affiliated with the University of Warith Al-Anbiyaa, encompassing a broad spectrum of engineering and technology research. It publishes original research articles and review papers across mechanical, electrical and electronics, civil and environmental, and computer engineering disciplines, with a focus on advancing applied knowledge and technological development. The journal maintains a timely publication process, with no article processing charges, ensuring open and equitable access to high-quality, peer-reviewed content. WSJET is dedicated to disseminating scholarly research worldwide through its online platform, supporting the continual growth of engineering sciences.
See the Aims and Scope for complete coverage of the journal.
Current Issue
Volume 2, Issue 1 (2026)View issue
Featured Content
- Original Study26 March 2026
Rubber Dams in Sustainable Water Resource Management: A Comprehensive Review of Applications, Benefits, and Future Directions
Water scarcity and flooding are serious universal problems, which are aggravated by population growth, urbanization, and climate change, and which today impact over 2 billion people with a loss of economic value of about 100 billion dollars in 2020 alone. As inflatable hydraulic constructions constructed using reinforced materials, rubber dams have become an effective technology in controlling water flow and storage within rivers, lakes, and reservoirs. The analysis demonstrates that the proportion of the current literature in the analysis is that 76% of the literature is general design and that only 24% consider any case study, with a large percentage of literature originating in Asia being 78%. They are essential in flood management, irrigation, domestic and industrial water supply, and small-scale hydropower generation, and have proved to be efficient across the geographical setting, including Hong Kong and Bangladesh. The review lists the environmental advantages of rubber dams, such as flexibility to changing water levels and less ecological disturbance than traditional concrete dams, and major economic benefits of much cheaper (up to 50% less) construction and maintenance. Social benefits include, among others, improved irrigation to guarantee food security and leisure. Nevertheless, the technical issues, such as the erosion of materials and the short life span (usually around 20 years), environmental effects on aquatic ecosystems, and complicated regulations, are quite significant drawbacks. The research gaps in this paper are mainly the validation of the performance under different hydroclimatic conditions and reinforcement of the policy support.
Current Articles
Most Popular Articles
- Review15 October 2025
Federated Learning for 6G Networks: A Comprehensive Review of Challenges, Techniques, and Future Directions
The convergence of Federated Learning (FL) and sixth-generation (6G) communication systems promise to revolutionize distributed intelligence by addressing emerging demands for data privacy, real-time processing, and massive connectivity. However, integrating FL within 6G introduces complex challenges ranging from heterogeneous data and devices to communication bottlenecks, energy constraints, and stringent security demands. This review provides a comprehensive examination of FL techniques and their applicability in terms of 6G communication models. The review also emphasizes how these technologies are used in real-world fields like healthcare, autonomous systems, and digital twins—areas where privacy, reliability, and latency are mission-critical. Unlike earlier surveys that treat FL and 6G as separate research tracks, this paper critically reviews their convergence, identifying how FL techniques must evolve to meet the architectural, functional, and regulatory demands of 6G systems. It discusses ongoing challenges and emerging directions such as quantum-safe protocols, interpretable federated learning, and energy-aware orchestration. By synthesizing cross disciplinary insights and mapping current gaps, this review aims to guide future research in developing robust, adaptive, and secure FL frameworks. - Original Study26 March 2026
Rubber Dams in Sustainable Water Resource Management: A Comprehensive Review of Applications, Benefits, and Future Directions
Water scarcity and flooding are serious universal problems, which are aggravated by population growth, urbanization, and climate change, and which today impact over 2 billion people with a loss of economic value of about 100 billion dollars in 2020 alone. As inflatable hydraulic constructions constructed using reinforced materials, rubber dams have become an effective technology in controlling water flow and storage within rivers, lakes, and reservoirs. The analysis demonstrates that the proportion of the current literature in the analysis is that 76% of the literature is general design and that only 24% consider any case study, with a large percentage of literature originating in Asia being 78%. They are essential in flood management, irrigation, domestic and industrial water supply, and small-scale hydropower generation, and have proved to be efficient across the geographical setting, including Hong Kong and Bangladesh. The review lists the environmental advantages of rubber dams, such as flexibility to changing water levels and less ecological disturbance than traditional concrete dams, and major economic benefits of much cheaper (up to 50% less) construction and maintenance. Social benefits include, among others, improved irrigation to guarantee food security and leisure. Nevertheless, the technical issues, such as the erosion of materials and the short life span (usually around 20 years), environmental effects on aquatic ecosystems, and complicated regulations, are quite significant drawbacks. The research gaps in this paper are mainly the validation of the performance under different hydroclimatic conditions and reinforcement of the policy support. - Original Study1 January 2025
TOWARDS A COMPANION ROBOT: A COGNITIVE AGENT MODEL OF THE DYNAMICS OF LONELINESS
Loneliness is a prevalent and global problem for all people, and it can adversely affect their quality of life. Many research investigations have confirmed the negative psychological impacts of loneliness on people’s the unwanted impact of loneliness. Yet, these interventions are missing the power of reasoning to predict the onset of loneliness. Consequently, this paper presented the work of developing a computational cognitive agent model of loneliness using a causal networking modeling approach by relying on discrepancy model as a benchmark to serve as analytics engine for a companion robot design. Loneliness determinants and their causal relationships were identified from the literature and formalized to construct the intended cognitive agent model. Furthermore, simulation analyses under various parameter settings were implemented to explore the causal relationships among the identified loneliness determinants and those simulations revealed similar behaviors or patterns to existing literature. The designed cognitive agent model was evaluated using both of mathematical analysis and automated logical analysis. These two evaluation approaches have proved the correctness of the designed model. The developed computational loneliness agent model with little tuning can serve as a core analytical engine for intelligent technologies such as robots to control and monitor the adverse effects of loneliness - Original Study25 September 2025
Improving Formability of Low-Carbon Steel Shells through Deep Drawing: Experimental Analysis using SPSS
Deep drawing, a prevalent sheet metal forming technique, is beset by fracture, wrinkling, and earing. This research investigates punch velocity, die curvature, and lubrication to enhance the formability of low-carbon steel cups. These parameters were selected due to their direct influence on forming force, metal flow, and thickness distribution, which dictate product quality. This study examines the impact of speed, radius, and lubrication on formability. The pressure of the blank holder and the height of the die can also influence formability. Experiments designed by DOE approach were assessed using SPSS and validated by Bootstrapping. Speed was the primary element influencing forming force and thickness; however, die radius and lubrication had a greater impact on force. Utilizing lubrication (oil or grease) at a rate of 200 mm/min with a die radius of 6–8 mm diminished thinning and friction relative to dry conditions, producing optimal outcomes. The regression models demonstrated R² values of 64.3% for force and 78.7% for thickness, so confirming their validity. A thorough experimental validation demonstrates that in typical deep drawing of low-carbon steel, speed is the predominant factor, while lubrication enhances surface quality. This research enhances traditional deep drawing through statistically validated models, offering novel guidelines to augment manufacturing efficiency and product reliability. Prior research concentrated on blank-holder pressure or sophisticated shaping methodologies. - Original Study10 April 2026
Forecasting Future Precipitation in Basrah City, Iraq Using the Statistical Downscaling Model (SDSM)
Accurate rainfall predicting has become for securing managing water resources, chiefly in light of escalating climate crises. Basrah is among the Iraqi cities most vulnerable to these changes, as climate fluctuations are clearly impacting water availability and hydrological sustainability indicators in the region. The results of this study, through using the Statistical Downscaling Model (SDSM), indicate that the future precipitation was predicted for Basrah Governorate/Iraq up to 2085. Future precipitation projections were developed under group of Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) scenarios which RCP (2.6, 4.5, and 8.5). The CanESM2 global climate model was used to generate large-scale atmospheric predictors for the statistical downscaling process, and daily precipitation from the Hay Al-Hussein meteorological station in Basrah were used for the period 1980–2025. The model was calibrated to find the optimal parameters for the period 1980 to 2012 and then verified for the period 2013–2025. In calibration, the coefficient of determination (R2) and the Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) were 0.905 and 0.810, respectively. However, in validation, values of R2 and NSE were 0.874 and 0.844, respectively. These values confirm reliability model. The results indicated that a decrease in annual precipitation was noticed for the three future scenarios for three periods: 2035s, 2055s, and 2075s. The outputs of the model can be utilized for sustainable water resource planning for Basrah Governorate.